在写shell脚本时经常会用到命令行选项、参数处理方式，如：

-f 为短选项，它需要一个参数，即config.conf, -v也是一个选项，但它不需要参数
–prefix 是一个长选项，即选项本身多于一个字符，它也需要一个参数，用等号连接，当然等号不是必须的，/home可以直接写在–prefix后面，即–prefix=/home

在shell中，可以用以下三种方式来处理命令行参数，每种方式都有自己的应用场景

• 手工处理方式
• getopts
• getopt

下面我们依次讨论这三种处理方式

1. 手工处理方式
在手工处理方式中，首先要知道几个变量，还是以上面的命令行为例：

$0 ： ./test.sh,即命令本身，相当于C/C++中的argv[0]
$1 ： -f,第一个参数
$2 ： config.conf
$3, $4 … ：类推。
$#  : 参数的个数，不包括命令本身，上例中$#为4.
$@ : 参数本身的列表，也不包括命令本身，如上例为 -f config.conf -v –prefix=/home
$*   : 和$@相同，但”$*” 和 “$@”(加引号)并不同，”$*”将所有的参数解释成一个字符串，而”$@”是一个参数数组。如下例所示：

#!/bin/bash for arg in "$*" do echo $arg done echo for arg in "$@" do echo $arg done $ bash test.sh -f config.conf -v --prefix=/home -f config.conf -v --prefix=/home #这是"$*"的输出 -f #以下为$@的输出 config.conf -v --prefix=/home

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#!/bin/bash for arg in "$*" do     echo $arg done   echo   for arg in "$@" do     echo $arg done     $ bash test.sh -f config.conf -v --prefix=/home -f config.conf -v --prefix=/home #这是"$*"的输出   -f  #以下为$@的输出 config.conf -v --prefix=/home

所以，手工处理的方式即对这些变量的处理。因为手工处理高度依赖于你在命令行上所传参数的位置，所以一般都只用来处理较简单的参数。如./test.sh 10。而很少使用./test -n 10这种带选项的方式。

手工处理方式能满足大多数的简单需求，配合shift使用也能构造出强大的功能，但在要处理复杂选项的时候建议用下面的两种方法。

2. getopts/getopt
处理命令行参数是一个相似而又复杂的事情，在shell中，处理此事的是getopts和getopt

getopts和getopt功能相似但又不完全相同，其中getopt是独立的可执行文件，而getopts是由bash内置的

先来看看参数传递的典型用法:

./test.sh -a -b -c  ： 短选项，各选项不需参数
./test.sh -abc   ： 短选项，和上一种方法的效果一样，只是将所有的选项写在一起。
./test.sh -a args -b -c ：短选项，其中-a需要参数，而-b -c不需参数。
./test.sh –a-long=args –b-long ：长选项

我们先来看getopts，它不支持长选项。使用getopts非常简单：

#!/bin/bash while getopts "a:bc" arg #选项后面的冒号表示该选项需要参数 do case $arg in a) echo "a's arg:$OPTARG" #参数存在$OPTARG中 ;; b) echo "b" ;; c) echo "c" ;; ?) #当有不认识的选项的时候arg为? echo "unkonw argument" exit 1 ;; esac done

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#!/bin/bash while getopts "a:bc" arg #选项后面的冒号表示该选项需要参数 do         case $arg in              a)                 echo "a's arg:$OPTARG" #参数存在$OPTARG中                 ;;              b)                 echo "b"                 ;;              c)                 echo "c"                 ;;              ?)  #当有不认识的选项的时候arg为?             echo "unkonw argument"         exit 1         ;;         esac done

$ bash test.sh -a arg -b -c a's arg:arg b c $ bash test.sh -a arg -bc a's arg:arg b c

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$ bash test.sh -a arg -b -c a's arg:arg b c $ bash test.sh -a arg -bc a's arg:arg b c

应该说绝大多数脚本使用该函数就可以了，如果需要支持长选项以及可选参数，那么就需要使用getopt

#!/bin/bash #-o表示短选项，两个冒号表示该选项有一个可选参数，可选参数必须紧贴选项 #如-carg 而不能是-c arg #--long表示长选项 #"$@"在上面解释过 # -n:出错时的信息 # -- ：举一个例子比较好理解： #我们要创建一个名字为 "-f"的目录你会怎么办？ # mkdir -f #不成功，因为-f会被mkdir当作选项来解析，这时就可以使用 # mkdir -- -f 这样-f就不会被作为选项。 TEMP=`getopt -o ab:c:: --long a-long,b-long:,c-long:: \ -n 'example.bash' -- "$@"` if [ $? != 0 ] ; then echo "Terminating..." >&2 ; exit 1 ; fi # Note the quotes around `$TEMP': they are essential! #set 会重新排列参数的顺序，也就是改变$1,$2...$n的值，这些值在getopt中重新排列过了 eval set -- "$TEMP" #经过getopt的处理，下面处理具体选项。 while true ; do case "$1" in -a|--a-long) echo "Option a" ; shift ;; -b|--b-long) echo "Option b, argument `$2'" ; shift 2 ;; -c|--c-long) # c has an optional argument. As we are in quoted mode, # an empty parameter will be generated if its optional # argument is not found. case "$2" in "") echo "Option c, no argument"; shift 2 ;; *) echo "Option c, argument `$2'" ; shift 2 ;; esac ;; --) shift ; break ;; *) echo "Internal error!" ; exit 1 ;; esac done echo "Remaining arguments:" for arg do echo '--> '"`$arg'" ; done

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#!/bin/bash   #-o表示短选项，两个冒号表示该选项有一个可选参数，可选参数必须紧贴选项 #如-carg 而不能是-c arg #--long表示长选项 #"$@"在上面解释过 # -n:出错时的信息 # -- ：举一个例子比较好理解： #我们要创建一个名字为 "-f"的目录你会怎么办？ # mkdir -f #不成功，因为-f会被mkdir当作选项来解析，这时就可以使用 # mkdir -- -f 这样-f就不会被作为选项。   TEMP=`getopt -o ab:c:: --long a-long,b-long:,c-long:: \      -n 'example.bash' -- "$@"`   if [ $? != 0 ] ; then echo "Terminating..." >&2 ; exit 1 ; fi   # Note the quotes around `$TEMP': they are essential! #set 会重新排列参数的顺序，也就是改变$1,$2...$n的值，这些值在getopt中重新排列过了 eval set -- "$TEMP"   #经过getopt的处理，下面处理具体选项。   while true ; do         case "$1" in                 -a|--a-long) echo "Option a" ; shift ;;                 -b|--b-long) echo "Option b, argument `$2'" ; shift 2 ;;                 -c|--c-long)                         # c has an optional argument. As we are in quoted mode,                         # an empty parameter will be generated if its optional                         # argument is not found.                         case "$2" in                                 "") echo "Option c, no argument"; shift 2 ;;                                 *)  echo "Option c, argument `$2'" ; shift 2 ;;                         esac ;;                 --) shift ; break ;;                 *) echo "Internal error!" ; exit 1 ;;         esac done echo "Remaining arguments:" for arg do    echo '--> '"`$arg'" ; done

$ bash test.sh -a -b arg arg1 -c Option a Option b, argument `arg' Option c, no argument Remaining arguments: --> `arg1'

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$ bash test.sh -a -b arg arg1 -c Option a Option b, argument `arg' Option c, no argument Remaining arguments: --> `arg1'

可以看到,命令行中多了个arg1参数，在经过getopt和set之后，命令行会变为：
-a -b arg -c — arg1
$1指向-a,$2指向-b,$3指向arg,$4指向-c,$5指向–,而多出的arg1则被放到了最后

3. 举例
如将前面的ssh.exp、scp.exp封装起来，代码：

#!/bin/bash ###################### proc defination ######################## # ignore rule ignore_init() { # ignore password array_ignore_pwd_length=0 if [ -f ./ignore_pwd ]; then while read IGNORE_PWD do array_ignore_pwd[$array_ignore_pwd_length]=$IGNORE_PWD let array_ignore_pwd_length=$array_ignore_pwd_length+1 done < ./ignore_pwd fi # ignore ip address array_ignore_ip_length=0 if [ -f ./ignore_ip ]; then while read IGNORE_IP do array_ignore_ip[$array_ignore_ip_length]=$IGNORE_IP let array_ignore_ip_length=$array_ignore_ip_length+1 done < ./ignore_ip fi } show_version() { echo "version: 1.0" echo "updated date: 2014-01-09" } show_usage() { echo -e "`printf %-16s "Usage: $0"` [-h|--help]" echo -e "`printf %-16s ` [-v|-V|--version]" echo -e "`printf %-16s ` [-l|--iplist ... ]" echo -e "`printf %-16s ` [-c|--config ... ]" echo -e "`printf %-16s ` [-t|--sshtimeout ... ]" echo -e "`printf %-16s ` [-T|--fttimeout ... ]" echo -e "`printf %-16s ` [-L|--bwlimit ... ]" echo -e "`printf %-16s ` [-n|--ignore]" #echo "ignr_flag: 'ignr'-some ip will be ignored; otherwise-all ip will be handled" } # Default Parameters myIFS=":::" # 配置文件中的分隔符 TOOLDIR=/root/scripts cd $TOOLDIR IPLIST="iplist.txt" # IP列表，格式为IP 端口 用户名 密码 CONFIG_FILE="config.txt" # 命令列表和文件传送配置列表，关键字为com:::和file::: IGNRFLAG="noignr" # 如果置为ignr，则脚本会进行忽略条件的判断 SSHTIMEOUT=100 # 远程命令执行相关操作的超时设定，单位为秒 SCPTIMEOUT=2000 # 文件传送相关操作的超时设定，单位为秒 BWLIMIT=1024000 # 文件传送的带宽限速，单位为kbit/s # 入口参数分析 TEMP=`getopt -o hvVl:c:t:T:L:n --long help,version,iplist:,config:,sshtimeout:,fttimeout:,bwlimit:,ignore -- "$@" 2>/dev/null` [ $? != 0 ] && echo -e "\033[31mERROR: unknown argument! \033[0m\n" && show_usage && exit 1 # 会将符合getopt参数规则的参数摆在前面，其他摆在后面，并在最后面添加-- eval set -- "$TEMP" while : do [ -z "$1" ] && break; case "$1" in -h|--help) show_usage; exit 0 ;; -v|-V|--version) show_version; exit 0 ;; -l|--iplist) IPLIST=$2; shift 2 ;; -c|--config) CONFIG_FILE=$2; shift 2 ;; -t|--sshtimeout) SSHTIMEOUT=$2; shift 2 ;; -T|--fttimeout) SCPTIMEOUT=$2; shift 2 ;; -L|--bwlimit) BWLIMIT=$2; shift 2 ;; -n|--ignore) IGNRFLAG="ignr"; shift ;; --) shift ;; *) echo -e "\033[31mERROR: unknown argument! \033[0m\n" && show_usage && exit 1 ;; esac done ################ main ####################### BEGINDATETIME=`date "+%F %T"` [ ! -f $IPLIST ] && echo -e "\033[31mERROR: iplist \"$IPLIST\" not exists, please check! \033[0m\n" && exit 1 [ ! -f $CONFIG_FILE ] && echo -e "\033[31mERROR: config \"$CONFIG_FILE\" not exists, please check! \033[0m\n" && exit 1 echo echo "You are using:" echo -e "`printf %-16s "\"$CONFIG_FILE\""` ---- as your config" echo -e "`printf %-16s "\"$IPLIST\""` ---- as your iplist" echo -e "`printf %-16s "\"$SSHTIMEOUT\""` ---- as your ssh timeout" echo -e "`printf %-16s "\"$SCPTIMEOUT\""` ---- as your scp timeout" echo -e "`printf %-16s "\"$BWLIMIT\""` ---- as your bwlimit" echo -e "`printf %-16s "\"$IGNRFLAG\""` ---- as your ignore flag" echo [ -f ipnologin.txt ] && rm -f ipnologin.txt IPSEQ=0 while read IP PORT USER PASSWD PASSWD_2ND PASSWD_3RD PASSWD_4TH OTHERS do [ -z "`echo $IP | grep -E '^[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}'`" ] && continue [ "`python $TOOLDIR/ckssh.py $IP $PORT`" == 'no' ] && echo "$IP" >> ipnologin.txt && continue let IPSEQ=$IPSEQ+1 # 如果启用了忽略，则进入忽略流程 if [ $IGNRFLAG == "ignr" ]; then ignore_init ignored_flag=0 i=0 while [ $i -lt $array_ignore_pwd_length ] do [ ${PASSWD}x == ${array_ignore_pwd[$i]}x ] && ignored_flag=1 && break let i=$i+1 done [ $ignored_flag -eq 1 ] && continue j=0 while [ $j -lt $array_ignore_ip_length ] do [ ${IP}x == ${array_ignore_ip[$j]}x ] && ignored_flag=1 && break let j=$j+1 done [ $ignored_flag -eq 1 ] && continue fi ####### Try password from here #### for PW in $PASSWD $PASSWD_2ND $PASSWD_3RD $PASSWD_4TH do PASSWD_USE=$PW $TOOLDIR/ssh.exp $IP $USER $PW $PORT true $SSHTIMEOUT [ $? -eq 0 ] && PASSWD_USE=$PW && break done # 针对一个$IP，执行配置文件中的一整套操作 while read eachline do # 必须以com或file开头 [ -z "`echo $eachline | grep -E '^com|^file'`" ] && continue myKEYWORD=`echo $eachline | awk -F"$myIFS" '{ print $1 }'` myCONFIGLINE=`echo $eachline | awk -F"$myIFS" '{ print $2 }'` # 对配置文件中的预定义的可扩展特殊字符串进行扩展 # 关键字#IP#，用$IP进行替换 if [ ! -z "`echo "$myCONFIGLINE" | grep '#IP#'`" ]; then myCONFIGLINE_temp=`echo $myCONFIGLINE | sed "s/#IP#/$IP/g"` myCONFIGLINE=$myCONFIGLINE_temp fi # 时间相关关键字，用当前时间进行替换 if [ ! -z "`echo "$myCONFIGLINE" | grep '#YYYY#'`" ]; then myYEAR=`date +%Y` myCONFIGLINE_temp=`echo $myCONFIGLINE | sed "s/#YYYY#/$myYEAR/g"` myCONFIGLINE=$myCONFIGLINE_temp fi if [ ! -z "`echo "$myCONFIGLINE" | grep '#MM#'`" ]; then myMONTH=`date +%m` myCONFIGLINE_temp=`echo $myCONFIGLINE | sed "s/#MM#/$myMONTH/g"` myCONFIGLINE=$myCONFIGLINE_temp fi if [ ! -z "`echo "$myCONFIGLINE" | grep '#DD#'`" ]; then myDATE=`date +%d` myCONFIGLINE_temp=`echo $myCONFIGLINE | sed "s/#DD#/$myDATE/g"` myCONFIGLINE=$myCONFIGLINE_temp fi if [ ! -z "`echo "$myCONFIGLINE" | grep '#hh#'`" ]; then myHOUR=`date +%H` myCONFIGLINE_temp=`echo $myCONFIGLINE | sed "s/#hh#/$myHOUR/g"` myCONFIGLINE=$myCONFIGLINE_temp fi if [ ! -z "`echo "$myCONFIGLINE" | grep '#mm#'`" ]; then myMINUTE=`date +%M` myCONFIGLINE_temp=`echo $myCONFIGLINE | sed "s/#mm#/$myMINUTE/g"` myCONFIGLINE=$myCONFIGLINE_temp fi if [ ! -z "`echo "$myCONFIGLINE" | grep '#ss#'`" ]; then mySECOND=`date +%S` myCONFIGLINE_temp=`echo $myCONFIGLINE | sed "s/#ss#/$mySECOND/g"` myCONFIGLINE=$myCONFIGLINE_temp fi # IPSEQ关键字，用当前IP的序列号替换，从1开始 if [ ! -z "`echo "$myCONFIGLINE" | grep '#IPSEQ#'`" ]; then myCONFIGLINE_temp=`echo $myCONFIGLINE | sed "s/#IPSEQ#/$IPSEQ/g"` myCONFIGLINE=$myCONFIGLINE_temp fi # 配置文件中有关键字file:::，就调用scp.exp进行文件传送 if [ "$myKEYWORD"x == "file"x ]; then SOURCEFILE=`echo $myCONFIGLINE | awk '{ print $1 }'` DESTDIR=`echo $myCONFIGLINE | awk '{ print $2 }'` DIRECTION=`echo $myCONFIGLINE | awk '{ print $3 }'` $TOOLDIR/scp.exp $IP $USER $PASSWD_USE $PORT $SOURCEFILE $DESTDIR $DIRECTION $BWLIMIT $SCPTIMEOUT [ $? -ne 0 ] && echo -e "\033[31mSCP Try Out All Password Failed\033[0m\n" # 配置文件中有关键字com:::，就调用ssh.exp进行远程命令执行 elif [ "$myKEYWORD"x == "com"x ]; then $TOOLDIR/ssh.exp $IP $USER $PASSWD_USE $PORT "${myCONFIGLINE}" $SSHTIMEOUT [ $? -ne 0 ] && echo -e "\033[31mSSH Try Out All Password Failed\033[0m\n" else echo "ERROR: configuration wrong! [$eachline] " echo " where KEYWORD should not be [$myKEYWORD], but 'com' or 'file'" echo " if you dont want to run it, you can comment it with '#'" echo "" exit fi done < $CONFIG_FILE done < $IPLIST ENDDATETIME=`date "+%F %T"` echo "$BEGINDATETIME -- $ENDDATETIME" echo "$0 $* --excutes over!" exit 0

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#!/bin/bash   ######################  proc defination  ######################## # ignore rule ignore_init() {         # ignore password         array_ignore_pwd_length=0         if [ -f ./ignore_pwd ]; then                 while read IGNORE_PWD                 do                         array_ignore_pwd[$array_ignore_pwd_length]=$IGNORE_PWD                         let array_ignore_pwd_length=$array_ignore_pwd_length+1                 done < ./ignore_pwd         fi           # ignore ip address         array_ignore_ip_length=0         if [ -f ./ignore_ip ]; then                 while read IGNORE_IP                 do                         array_ignore_ip[$array_ignore_ip_length]=$IGNORE_IP                         let array_ignore_ip_length=$array_ignore_ip_length+1                 done < ./ignore_ip         fi }   show_version() {         echo "version: 1.0"         echo "updated date: 2014-01-09" }   show_usage() {         echo -e "`printf %-16s "Usage: $0"` [-h|--help]"         echo -e "`printf %-16s ` [-v|-V|--version]"         echo -e "`printf %-16s ` [-l|--iplist ... ]"         echo -e "`printf %-16s ` [-c|--config ... ]"         echo -e "`printf %-16s ` [-t|--sshtimeout ... ]"         echo -e "`printf %-16s ` [-T|--fttimeout ... ]"         echo -e "`printf %-16s ` [-L|--bwlimit ... ]"         echo -e "`printf %-16s ` [-n|--ignore]"         #echo "ignr_flag: 'ignr'-some ip will be ignored; otherwise-all ip will be handled" }   # Default Parameters myIFS=":::"     # 配置文件中的分隔符   TOOLDIR=/root/scripts cd $TOOLDIR   IPLIST="iplist.txt"                     # IP列表，格式为IP 端口 用户名 密码 CONFIG_FILE="config.txt"                # 命令列表和文件传送配置列表，关键字为com:::和file::: IGNRFLAG="noignr"                       # 如果置为ignr，则脚本会进行忽略条件的判断 SSHTIMEOUT=100                          # 远程命令执行相关操作的超时设定，单位为秒 SCPTIMEOUT=2000                         # 文件传送相关操作的超时设定，单位为秒 BWLIMIT=1024000                         # 文件传送的带宽限速，单位为kbit/s   # 入口参数分析 TEMP=`getopt -o hvVl:c:t:T:L:n --long help,version,iplist:,config:,sshtimeout:,fttimeout:,bwlimit:,ignore -- "$@" 2>/dev/null`   [ $? != 0 ] && echo -e "\033[31mERROR: unknown argument! \033[0m\n" && show_usage && exit 1   # 会将符合getopt参数规则的参数摆在前面，其他摆在后面，并在最后面添加-- eval set -- "$TEMP"   while : do         [ -z "$1" ] && break;         case "$1" in                 -h|--help)                         show_usage; exit 0                         ;;                 -v|-V|--version)                         show_version; exit 0                         ;;                 -l|--iplist)                         IPLIST=$2; shift 2                         ;;                 -c|--config)                         CONFIG_FILE=$2; shift 2                         ;;                 -t|--sshtimeout)                         SSHTIMEOUT=$2; shift 2                         ;;                 -T|--fttimeout)                         SCPTIMEOUT=$2; shift 2                         ;;                 -L|--bwlimit)                         BWLIMIT=$2; shift 2                         ;;                 -n|--ignore)                         IGNRFLAG="ignr"; shift                         ;;                 --)                         shift                         ;;                 *)                         echo -e "\033[31mERROR: unknown argument! \033[0m\n" && show_usage && exit 1                         ;;         esac done   ################  main  ####################### BEGINDATETIME=`date "+%F %T"` [ ! -f $IPLIST ] && echo -e "\033[31mERROR: iplist \"$IPLIST\" not exists, please check! \033[0m\n" && exit 1   [ ! -f $CONFIG_FILE ] && echo -e "\033[31mERROR: config \"$CONFIG_FILE\" not exists, please check! \033[0m\n" && exit 1   echo echo "You are using:" echo -e "`printf %-16s "\"$CONFIG_FILE\""` ---- as your config" echo -e "`printf %-16s "\"$IPLIST\""` ---- as your iplist" echo -e "`printf %-16s "\"$SSHTIMEOUT\""` ---- as your ssh timeout" echo -e "`printf %-16s "\"$SCPTIMEOUT\""` ---- as your scp timeout" echo -e "`printf %-16s "\"$BWLIMIT\""` ---- as your bwlimit" echo -e "`printf %-16s "\"$IGNRFLAG\""` ---- as your ignore flag" echo   [ -f ipnologin.txt ] && rm -f ipnologin.txt IPSEQ=0 while read IP PORT USER PASSWD PASSWD_2ND PASSWD_3RD PASSWD_4TH OTHERS do         [ -z "`echo $IP | grep -E '^[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}'`" ] && continue         [ "`python $TOOLDIR/ckssh.py $IP $PORT`" == 'no' ] && echo "$IP" >> ipnologin.txt && continue           let IPSEQ=$IPSEQ+1           # 如果启用了忽略，则进入忽略流程         if [ $IGNRFLAG == "ignr" ]; then                 ignore_init                 ignored_flag=0                   i=0                 while [ $i -lt $array_ignore_pwd_length ]                 do                         [ ${PASSWD}x == ${array_ignore_pwd[$i]}x ] && ignored_flag=1 && break                         let i=$i+1                 done                   [ $ignored_flag -eq 1 ] && continue                   j=0                 while [ $j -lt $array_ignore_ip_length ]                 do                         [ ${IP}x == ${array_ignore_ip[$j]}x ] && ignored_flag=1 && break                         let j=$j+1                 done                   [ $ignored_flag -eq 1 ] && continue           fi           ####### Try password from here ####         for PW in $PASSWD $PASSWD_2ND $PASSWD_3RD $PASSWD_4TH         do                 PASSWD_USE=$PW                 $TOOLDIR/ssh.exp $IP $USER $PW $PORT true $SSHTIMEOUT                 [ $? -eq 0 ] && PASSWD_USE=$PW && break         done           # 针对一个$IP，执行配置文件中的一整套操作         while read eachline         do                 # 必须以com或file开头                 [ -z "`echo $eachline | grep -E '^com|^file'`" ] && continue                   myKEYWORD=`echo $eachline | awk -F"$myIFS" '{ print $1 }'`                 myCONFIGLINE=`echo $eachline | awk -F"$myIFS" '{ print $2 }'`                   # 对配置文件中的预定义的可扩展特殊字符串进行扩展                 # 关键字#IP#，用$IP进行替换                 if [ ! -z "`echo "$myCONFIGLINE" | grep '#IP#'`" ]; then                         myCONFIGLINE_temp=`echo $myCONFIGLINE | sed "s/#IP#/$IP/g"`                         myCONFIGLINE=$myCONFIGLINE_temp                 fi                   # 时间相关关键字，用当前时间进行替换                 if [ ! -z "`echo "$myCONFIGLINE" | grep '#YYYY#'`" ]; then                         myYEAR=`date +%Y`                         myCONFIGLINE_temp=`echo $myCONFIGLINE | sed "s/#YYYY#/$myYEAR/g"`                         myCONFIGLINE=$myCONFIGLINE_temp                 fi                   if [ ! -z "`echo "$myCONFIGLINE" | grep '#MM#'`" ]; then                         myMONTH=`date +%m`                         myCONFIGLINE_temp=`echo $myCONFIGLINE | sed "s/#MM#/$myMONTH/g"`                         myCONFIGLINE=$myCONFIGLINE_temp                 fi                   if [ ! -z "`echo "$myCONFIGLINE" | grep '#DD#'`" ]; then                         myDATE=`date +%d`                         myCONFIGLINE_temp=`echo $myCONFIGLINE | sed "s/#DD#/$myDATE/g"`                         myCONFIGLINE=$myCONFIGLINE_temp                 fi                   if [ ! -z "`echo "$myCONFIGLINE" | grep '#hh#'`" ]; then                         myHOUR=`date +%H`                         myCONFIGLINE_temp=`echo $myCONFIGLINE | sed "s/#hh#/$myHOUR/g"`                         myCONFIGLINE=$myCONFIGLINE_temp                 fi                   if [ ! -z "`echo "$myCONFIGLINE" | grep '#mm#'`" ]; then                         myMINUTE=`date +%M`                         myCONFIGLINE_temp=`echo $myCONFIGLINE | sed "s/#mm#/$myMINUTE/g"`                         myCONFIGLINE=$myCONFIGLINE_temp                 fi                   if [ ! -z "`echo "$myCONFIGLINE" | grep '#ss#'`" ]; then                         mySECOND=`date +%S`                         myCONFIGLINE_temp=`echo $myCONFIGLINE | sed "s/#ss#/$mySECOND/g"`                         myCONFIGLINE=$myCONFIGLINE_temp                 fi                   # IPSEQ关键字，用当前IP的序列号替换，从1开始                 if [ ! -z "`echo "$myCONFIGLINE" | grep '#IPSEQ#'`" ]; then                         myCONFIGLINE_temp=`echo $myCONFIGLINE | sed "s/#IPSEQ#/$IPSEQ/g"`                         myCONFIGLINE=$myCONFIGLINE_temp                 fi                   # 配置文件中有关键字file:::，就调用scp.exp进行文件传送                 if [ "$myKEYWORD"x == "file"x ]; then                         SOURCEFILE=`echo $myCONFIGLINE | awk '{ print $1 }'`                         DESTDIR=`echo $myCONFIGLINE | awk '{ print $2 }'`                         DIRECTION=`echo $myCONFIGLINE | awk '{ print $3 }'`                         $TOOLDIR/scp.exp $IP $USER $PASSWD_USE $PORT $SOURCEFILE $DESTDIR $DIRECTION $BWLIMIT $SCPTIMEOUT                           [ $? -ne 0 ] && echo -e "\033[31mSCP Try Out All Password Failed\033[0m\n"                   # 配置文件中有关键字com:::，就调用ssh.exp进行远程命令执行                 elif [ "$myKEYWORD"x == "com"x ]; then                         $TOOLDIR/ssh.exp $IP $USER $PASSWD_USE $PORT "${myCONFIGLINE}" $SSHTIMEOUT                         [ $? -ne 0 ] && echo -e "\033[31mSSH Try Out All Password Failed\033[0m\n"                   else                         echo "ERROR: configuration wrong! [$eachline] "                         echo "       where KEYWORD should not be [$myKEYWORD], but 'com' or 'file'"                         echo "       if you dont want to run it, you can comment it with '#'"                         echo ""                         exit                 fi           done < $CONFIG_FILE   done < $IPLIST   ENDDATETIME=`date "+%F %T"`   echo "$BEGINDATETIME -- $ENDDATETIME" echo "$0 $* --excutes over!"   exit 0

参考：

https://blog.linuxeye.com/389.html

http://www.cnblogs.com/FrankTan/archive/2010/03/01/1634516.html